Systems occur in nature, civilizations and the cosmos. Astrophysics and theoretical physics play a large thematic role in my work because both fields are a collection of systems. Much like my painting systems, they have yet to be fully explored. Discovering and manipulating ocular sensations activated by static images is the main purpose of my paintings.

As humans our eyes have difficulty accurately reading high— contrast images. When black and white are used repetitively and in close proximity to each other it appears that the painting is vibrating or breathing. The strongest vibrations are caused by the high contrast of black and white and as contrast diminishes, so do the ocular vibrations. Using value as my main variable, I create systems that both create and rely on these ocular sensations.